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MongoDB vs Oracle Detailed Comparison

MongoDB is one of the most popular NoSQL databases that use documents in its arrangement, while Oracle is a relational database management system that uses Structured Query Language to maintain data. Both MongoDB and Oracle can be installed and used on all major Operating systems such as Windows, Linux, Unix, etc. An Oracle database is known for databases, tables, and data, whereas a MongoDB is composed of documents in the fields. This article will explain the technical difference between MongoDB and Oracle.

  1. MongoDB Collections vs Oracle Table
  2. Oracle Group By vs MongoDB Aggregate
  3. MongoDB Regular Expressions vs Oracle Regular Expressions
  4. MongoDB Update Document vs Oracle Update
  5. MongoDB Backup vs Oracle Backup
  6. MongoDB Drop Command vs Oracle Drop Command
  7. MongoDB Index vs Oracle Index
  8. MongoDB Cursor vs Oracle Cursor
  9. MongoDB Security vs Oracle Security

MongoDB vs Oracle

MongoDB Collections vs Oracle Table

MongoDB is a grouping of MongoDB documents. In oracle, data is stored in the table while a collection is the equivalent of an RDBMS table. A collection is included in a single database. Collections do not use a schema.

MongoDB Collection

>use test
switched to db test
>db.createCollection("myfirstcollection")
{ "ok" : 1 }
>

Oracle Table

CREATE TABLE employee(
    emp_id NUMBER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY,
    empname VARCHAR2(60) NOT NULL,
    address VARCHAR2(60) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY(emp_id)
);

Oracle Group By vs MongoDB Aggregate

In the Oracle database, the GROUP BY clause can be used to group rows by using the values of columns. This clause is one of the most widely used clauses in analytical SQL queries. It returns one row per group and it is used with various aggregate functions like AVG(), MAX(), MIN(), SUM(), and COUNT(). In MongoDB, Aggregations operations use data records and give calculated or computed output. It is used to group values from various documents collectively and can deliver various methods on the distributed data to pass a single output. The Oracle’s count(*) and the group by are an equivalent of MongoDB aggregation.

Oracle Group By Example

SELECT first_id,
       COUNT(*) AS total_rows,
       SUM(sales) AS sales_amount
FROM   product_sales
GROUP BY first_id
ORDER BY first_id;

MongoDB Aggregation Example

> db.testcol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$new_employee", emp_value : {$sum : 1}}}])
{ "_id" : "employee", "emp_value" : 2 }
{ "_id" : "113a", "emp_value" : 1 }
>

MongoDB Regular Expressions vs Oracle Regular Expressions

The Regular expression in the Oracle database can be used with a collection of Oracle SQL functions that enable users to search and handle string data. Regular expressions are an important part of any programming language. In the Oracle database, regular expressions can use various functions in any environment where Oracle Database SQL is used.

Regular Expressions are often utilized in all programming languages. Their job is to hunt for a pattern or word in any string. MongoDB also implements the use of the regular expression for string matching. For this, it uses the $regex operator. MongoDB applies the Perl Compatible Regular Expression as its regular expression language.

MongoDB Regular Expression Example

> db.posts.find({post_text:{$regex:"employee"}}).pretty()
{
	"_id" : ObjectId("6cc7dr48f1cc4467e2163ft0"),
	"post_text" : "Best employee",
	"tags" : [
		"employee",
		"best"
	]
}

MongoDB Update Document vs Oracle Update

The update command or method is present in both relational and non-relational databases. MongoDB uses update() and save() methods to update or manipulate the document into a collection. The update() method modifies the values in the current document and the save() method substitutes the current document with the document declared in save() method. In the Oracle database, the update command is used to update or modify the data from the table. The update command is a part of data manipulation languages. The update method() in MongoDB updates the value present in the document.

MongoDB Update Example

>db.testcol.update({'title':'Physics'},{$set:{'title':'New Physics Topic'}})
WriteResult({ "nMatched" : 2, "nUpserted" : 1, "nModified" : 1 })

Oracle Update Example

UPDATE employee ee
SET    (ee.id, ee.address) = (SELECT dd.id, dd.address
                                    FROM   dept dd
                                    WHERE  dd.id = ee.id)
WHERE  EXISTS (SELECT 1
               FROM   dept
               WHERE  id = ee.id);

MongoDB Backup vs Oracle Backup

To take a backup of the database in MongoDB, the mongodump command can be used. This command is used to dump the whole data of the server into the dump directory. This mongodump command can also be used with various options. In Oracle, the database backup utility is responsible for the backup and restore of the database. Oracle presents the backup utility by giving UI as well as common options.

MongoDB backup example

>mongodump

Oracle Backup Example

RUN
{
  ALLOCATE CHANNEL ch15 TYPE DISK MAXPIECESIZE 12G;
  BACKUP
  FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/BACKUP/%d_C_%D_%u_s%s_p%p'
  DATABASE
  CURRENT CONTROLFILE
  FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/BACKUP/%d_D_%T_%u'
  SPFILE
  FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/BACKUP/%d_C_%T_%u'
  PLUS ARCHIVELOG
  FORMAT '/u01/app/oracle/BACKUP/%d_D_%T_%u_s%s_p%p';
  RELEASE CHANNEL ch15;
}

MongoDB Drop Command vs Oracle Drop Command

The drop command in MongoDb is used to drop the database and the related indexes completely. This command is one of the most important MongoDB commands as it is responsible for the overall performance and scalability of the database. In the Oracle database, the drop command is used to delete the table from the database or database from the schema. This command is a part of the dynamic definition languages and is used to drop columns from the table too.

MongoDB Drop Example

>use testdb
switched to db testdb
>db.dropDatabase()
>{ "dropped" : "testdb", "ok" : 1 }
>

Oracle Drop table example

DROP TABLE employee;

MongoDB Index vs Oracle Index

An index in MongoDB is a specific data structure that contains the data of fields of documents on which the index is built. Indexes increase the activity of search services in the database.

In Oracle and MongoDB, Indexes are responsible for speeding up the search query by giving fast access. Indexes in the relational database management system or non-relational database management system are not always relevant. Indexes are great at reducing the time it requires to search and obtain data using the SELECT statements.

Sometimes index can really decrease the query performance to UPDATE, INSERT, or DELETE. In Oracle, the index is normally created to get the first or primary set of rows quickly when the table contains too much data in the table. This is responsible for the overall performance of the database.

MongoDB Index Example

>db.users.createIndex({"tags":1})
{
"createdCollectionAutomatically" : false,
"numIndexesBefore" : 5,
"numIndexesAfter" : 6,
"ok" : 1
}
>

Oracle Index Example

CREATE INDEX
   ix_test_10
ON
   employee (dno)
TABLESPACE
   index_tbs;

MongoDB Cursor vs Oracle Cursor

In MongoDB, when the db.collection.find () utility is applied to hunt for documents in the collection, the event delivers a mark to the collection delivered which is named a cursor. In MongoDB, the cursor will be repeated implicitly when the output of the query is passed. But users can also explicitly search the objects reflected in the cursor one by one. The Cursor is a MongoDB Collection that is reflected in the find program performance. In simple words when users request a find method, all the records which are delivered are stored in an implicit cursor. If a find method accounts for a record then it indicates that the cursor has a 0 – 3 index.

In Oracle too, a cursor is one short or acting work area generated in the machine’s memory when a SQL statement is fired. A cursor holds data on a select statement and the lines of data obtained by it. There are two types of cursors in Oracle PL/SQL, implicit cursors and explicit cursors. This short work area is utilized to collect the data obtained from the database and manage this data. IT can contain more than one row but can treat only one row at a time. The collection of rows the cursor contains is described as the active set. Implicit cursors are created when INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE statements are fired by the user. On the other hand, explicit cursors are created when the user fires a SELECT statement that returns multiple rows. The cursor attributes in Oracle are %FOUND, %NOTFOUND, %ROWCOUNT, and %ISOPEN. Both implicit and explicit cursors work similarly but they vary in the process they are used.

The following example explains how this can be achieved.

MongoDB Cursor Example

var newEmp = db.Emp.find( { Empid : { $gt:5 }});
while(myEmp.hasNext())
{
print(tojson(myEmp.next()));
}

Oracle Cursor Example

DECLARE
l_a NUMBER := 1000;
-- cursor
CURSOR a_market IS
SELECT * FROM market
ORDER BY total DESC;

MongoDB Security vs Oracle Security 

MongoDB gives many characteristics, such as authentication, entrance limitation, and encryption, to defend MongoDB. In MongoDB, authentication is the method of confirming the integrity of a client. When access control, i.e. permission, is allowed, MongoDB expects all clients to verify themselves to resolve their path. Although authentication and permission are almost related, authentication is different from permission. Authentication validates the integrity of a user; permission defines the authenticated user’s path to resources and services.

In Oracle, database security means establishing or revoking user movements on the database and other schema objects. Oracle is all about schemas and it uses schemas and security policies to maintain access to data. With the help of this, it can restrict the usage of various database resources. For example, Oracle can implement authentication on both the database level and the server level. It also supports various other things such as confirmation of the integrity of users and minimization of the uncertainty of illegal access. Oracle implements exceptional security benefits to defend business data security queries. In Oracle, database administrators can encrypt the data utilizing the Transparent Data Encryption (TDE) method. The security practices of Oracle make sure that only approved users can interpret the critical data in a database.

MongoDB Security Features:

To secure your MongoDB implementation, MongoDB provides a variety of tools such as verification, security systems, and encryption. Some of the most significant security characteristics are:

  • Authentication: Authentication is the method of confirming a client’s identity. When access control (permission) is activated, MongoDB necessitates all customers to verify in sequence for their connectivity to be proven.
  • Role-Based Access Control:  To govern access to a MongoDB framework, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) is often used. A user is given one or even more roles, which regulate his or her entry to directory listing operations and resources. The user has no control over the system outside of role-assigned tasks.
  • Queryable Encryption: Queryable Encryption is a key encryption system established by encrypted lookup founders. The characteristic fully includes diversity lookups, with scope, suffix, a hyphen, and substring questions scheduled for upcoming updates.

Oracle Security Features

The following are the features of the Oracle:

  • Mitigate risks: Databases are extremely complex with thousands of variables, username alternatives, setup guidelines virtually infinite amount of configuration settings. A malfunctioning database increases the risk of a loophole trying to gain unauthorized entry. Oracle security solutions evaluate threats posed by security setups and clients, a list of parameters where those threats can be decreased or eliminated.
  • Make stolen data unusable: Clear-text database information can be stolen straightforwardly from the database, backup, exports, or data backup. Most privacy laws necessitate or motivate the concealing or encryption of information at rest and during transport. Oracle Database appears to support virtual servers with thorough encryption, key distribution, and masking functionality.
  • Restrict unauthorized access: Databases are handled by authorized individuals, but should just all of them have access to the information? Decrease the chance of a data breach induced by cybercriminals or the misuse of anonymous source confidence. Impose isolation of responsibilities to avert data theft, even from hacked accounts. Regulate sensitive database choices with context-sensitive security protocols.
  • Monitor access: If wrong inputs available are discovered rapidly, a breach can be avoided or remedied. Real-time tracking of SQL statements and internal audit of database operations, to fulfill compliance obligations and utilize built-in and customized reports are available in the Oracle security solution.
   

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